⁽¹⁾ Maghrebi
Derived from the Maghreb (المغرب العربي al-Maġrib al-ʿArabī; also rendered Maghrib, or sometimes—though rarely—Moghreb) is a collection of countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) within what is commonly termed Northern Africa, along the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
⁽²⁾ Sedition
Abdellatif Laâbi was imprisoned, tortured and sentenced to ten years in prison for "crimes of opinion" (for his political beliefs and his writings that were doomed as speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of the monarch)
and served a sentence from 1972 to 1980. He was, in 1985, forced into exile in France.
The political beliefs that were judged criminal are reflected in the following comment, for example:
"Everything which the Arab reality offers that is generous, open and creative is crushed by regimes whose only anxiety is to perpetuate
their own power and self-serving interest. And what is often worse is to see that the West remains insensitive to the daily tragedy while
at the same time accommodating, not to say supporting, the ruling classes who strangle the free will and aspirations of their people."
⁽³⁾ Arab Spring
The Arab Spring or the First Arab Spring was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings and armed rebellions that spread
across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. It began in Tunisia in response to corruption and economic stagnation.
⁽⁴⁾ The Ten-Point Program
The Ten-Point Program is a set of guidelines to the Black Panther Party that states their ideals and ways of operation,
a "combination of the Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Independence." The document was created in 1966 by the founders
of the Black Panther Party, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, whose political thoughts lay within the realm of Marxism and Black Nationalism.
Each one of the statements were put in place for all of the Black Panther Party members to live by and actively practice every day.
The Ten-Point program was released on May 15, 1967, in the second issue of the party's weekly newspaper, The Black Panther.
⁽⁵⁾ Third Cinema
In Spanish, Tercer Cine, a Latin American film movement that started in the 1960s–70s which decries neocolonialism, the capitalist system,
and the Hollywood model of cinema as mere entertainment to make money.
⁽⁶⁾ June 1967
The Six-Day War (Hebrew: מִלְחֶמֶת שֵׁשֶׁת הַיָּמִים, Milḥemet Šešet HaYamim; Arabic: النكسة, an-Naksah, lit. 'The Setback' or حرب 1967, Ḥarb 1967,
'War of 1967') or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition
of Arab states (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 June 1967. Six days that entrenched imperialism in the Middle East
and led to misery for Palestinians in the Occupied Territories.
⁽⁷⁾ May 1968
Beginning in May 1968, a period of civil unrest occurred throughout France, lasting seven weeks and punctuated by demonstrations,
general strikes, and the occupation of universities and factories. At the height of events, which have since become known as May 68,
the economy of France came to a halt due to what is now known as the biggest protest in the history of the country.
